Carbureter.



J. S. JOHNSTON.

CABBURETER. APPLICATION FILED IuLY 31.1913.

Pafemmulym, 1917.

JAMES S. JOHNSTON, OF UTICA, NEW YORK.

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Application mea July 31, 1913.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES S. JOHNSTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Utica, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relates to a carbureter and I declare the following to be a full, clear, concise and exact description thereof sufficient to enable any one skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the specication.

The object of the invention is to provide a curbureter for explosive engines that will be of simple construction and elicient in operation.. The carbureter is designed to vaporize the oil fed to the same by spraying it into a chamber, where the said oil is mixed with the air in an economical manner.

` Furthermore, the exhaust from the engine is utilized to heat the mixture of vaporized oil and air supplied to a chamber of the carbureter.

rIhe object will be understood by referring to the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the carbureter;

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the carbureter Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows on that figure;

Fig. 4 is a central vertical section of a modified form of the heater employed in the carbureter.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the carburetor embodies a pipe -1- which conducts the mixture of vaporized oil with the air to the cylinder of the internal explosive engine of any well known construction. The pipe -1- is secured in its proper position relative to the cylinder. of the engine by means of the flange 2 having bolt holes 3 3. The pipe -1- is screw threaded at its opposite end, whereby the same is connected to the casing 4 forming a chamber 5. The casing 4 is provided with an integral circumferential shelf 6 that supports a circular member 7 having a plurality of Ports 8 terminating at right angles, whereby to register with the ports 9 formed l in the'shelf 6. rIhe lower portion of the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1917..

serial No. 782,227.

casing 4 has ports 10 that open into the interlor of the casing 4 or into the chamber 5. The bottom portion of the casing 4 is inclosed by the member 11 that is screw threaded at 12 to fit the corresponding threads of the casing 4. The member 11 is provided with a screw threaded orifice 13 for the reception of a hollow member 14 having a central cone shaped projection 15 adapted to cause the exhaust that enters the chamber 17 of the member 14 by way of inlet pipe 16 to take a tortuous course, whereby said exhaust will fill the chamber 17 before leaving the same by way of the outlet pipe 18. The upper portion of the hollow member 14 is of curved formation, so that there will be as great expanse of surface as possible, to permit said up per portion, which is heated by the exhaust from the cylinder of the engine, to heat in a more effective manner the mixture of vau porized oil and air that enters the chamber 5 through the ports 10. A chamber 19 is formed outside of the casing 4 by means of a cylindrical transparent glass casing 20, which is detachably secured in place by the circumferential flanges 21 and 22 formed respectively on the under surface of the shelf 6 and on the upper surface of the member 11. The oil from a reservoir of any suitable kind in which a head of fuel is maintained is admitted by way of the duct 24, the duct 25, and a circumferential chamber 26 inclosed by the member 27 having small apertures 28, to the chamber 19 where said oil is mixed with the air admitted through the ports 8 in the circular member 7 and the ports 9 in the shelf 6 0f the casing 4. The duct 24 is formed in the tube 29, which is screw threaded at one endvinto a recess in the casing 4, and at the opposite end into a reservoir. The duct 25 is formed in the casing 4 and leads to the circumferential chamber 26 also formed in the casing 4. The circular member 7 may have secured thereto a screen adapted to prevent any particles of dust or other matter from entering ports 8. Said ports 8 may be closed to the ports 9 in the shelf 6 of the casing 4 by turning the said circular member 7 relative to the casing 4. rlhe circular member 7 is actuated in either direction about the casing 4 by the stem 32, whose upper reduced end has a loose bearing in the member 34. The member 34a forms an intermediate bearing for the stem 32, which may be connected in any suit-able manner to a hand lever located near the seat of the chauffeur, in the automobile, not shown. The opposite end of *they with the duct 24 in the tube 29, when said stem is turned at a kgiven angle. At the same time that port 89 registers with the duct 24, the ports 8 of the circular member 7 will register with the ports 9 of the shelf 6 oit the casing 4, whereby the air and oil is admitted to the chamber 19, as controlled by the movement of the stem 32. y

The upperk portion oi the' casing 4 is provided with a damper or throttle valve 61 mounted upon a spindle 62 havingrbearings in the casing 4. The spindle 62 is swiveled to a pin 63 which projects into a. ball 64 adapted toy slide therealong. The ball 64 is disposed in an open socket or recess made in the circular member 7, rwhereby the turning of the circular member 7 will cause the rotation of the spindle 62 and thereby actuate the damper'61 to open or closed position. A spring 63a coiled about the pin 63 holds the ball 64 in position. rllhe damper 61 will be normally held in vertical position, whereby to permit the passage yof the mixture of air and oil to escape through the pipe -1- to the cylinder of the engine. However, the damper 61 can be turned to a horizontal position, whereby to prevent the escape of the mixture of air and oil, that may yet remain in the chamber 5, to the pipe -1-, when the circular member 7 is turned in such manner that the ports 8 thereof donot register'with the ports 9 in the shelf 6 of the casing 4. Likewise, the stem 32 in the last named position will be turned at such an angle, as to shut ofi? the flow of oil from the reservoir.

rllhe operationr of the carbureter is as follows: Oil is fed from a reservoir, not shown, through the duct l 24. rIhe operator first adjusts the valve 45, to graduate the amount of flow of the oil through the duct 24 and then works a lever located neary his seat, not shown, whereby to turn the stem 32, so as to open the duct 24 and to actuate the circular membery 7 to such a position that kports 8 will register with the ports 9 in the shelf 6 of the casing 4, and thereby permit the air and oil to occupy the chamber 19. ylllhe movement of the circular member 7 will actuate also the throttle damper 61 to open position. rll`he small ports or apertures28l leading into the chamber 19 from the circumferential chamber 26, will cause the oil to be sprayed into the said chamber 19, or

to be atomized, whereby to form a more perect mixture with the air in the said chamber. This mixture of lthe air and the atomized Voil in the chamber 19 is sucked into the chamber 5, through the ports 10, and up f through the tube 1- by the action of the suction stroke of the piston in the cylinder of the engine, as is well lmown in the art. The mixture of air and oil that enters the chamber 5 will be heated by means oit' the exhaust that is conducted from the cylinder of the engine to the chamber 17, through the pipe 16. The exhaust will be compelled to circulate about the interior of the hollow member 14 and thereby heat the same, by means of the conical shaped projection 15, as heretofore explained. 'The exhaust malres an exit i'rom the chamber 17 of the hollow member 14, by way of the pipe 18.

' Fig. 4 shows a modicationy in respect toy 56 possesses a curved formation to provide a maximum surface to be heated by the exhaust that enters the chamber `57 by way of the pipe 16, as heretofore explained. The exhaust is dispersed through the chamber 59 by reason of the interference lof the cone shaped member' 60, as in the former construction. Aluminum or copper is employed in making the cap 56 because of its great heat conductive property.v

Having thus describedfmy invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: Y n ,n

1. In a carbureter, a chamber, means Jfor heating said chamber, a second chamber surrounding said iirst named chamber, means for admitting oil and air to said second named chamber, means for controlling the admission of said oil and air to said second named chamber, and ports for admitting said mixture of oil and airfrom said second named chamber to said iirst named chamber, n

said iirst named chamber having an outlet to the engine.

2. In a carbureter, a chamber, a second chamber surrounding said first named cham'- ber, said second named chamber having air y ports, ya circular member adapted to open or kclose said ports in said second named chamber, whereby to admit 'or exclude the air to said second named chamber, means for controlling a constant dow of oil to said second named chamber, and ports for admitting the mixture of air and oil from said second named chamber to said .iirstnamed chamber. n

3. In a carbureter, a chamber, a second chamber surrounding said rst named chamrof an aluminum or copper cap 56. rlhe cap i jecting into said rst named chamber, means for conducting the exhaust of an engine to said hollow member, whereby to heat said iirst named chamber, and means for permitting the entrance to said rst named chamber of the mixture of air and oil.

4.. In a carbureter, the combination of a Chamber, a easing surrounding said chamber, a second chamber surrounding said jirst named Chamber, a cylindrical glass casing for inelosing said second named chamber, ports opening into said second named chamber, a circular member resting on said casing, ports in said circular member, means for turning said Circular member, whereby the ports in Gopes of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the said circular member will register with the ports opening into said second named chamber, to thereby permit the admission of air to said second named chamber, means for admitting oil to said second named chamber, and ports for admitting said mixture of air and oil to said first named chamber, said first named chamber having an outlet to the engine.

In testimony whereof I have aiXed my signature in the presence of two witnesses,

JAMES S. JOHNSTON. Witnesses:

SAMUEL SLOAN, T. L. WILDER.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. A 

